If India were to follow the current trends of energy consumption, it would require an estimated 200 MTOE of energy supply annually, by the year 2030 to meet the demand of this sector. This translates to an estimated 94 million tonnes of oil equivalent (MTOE) energy. Roads by 2015.1 In addition, more and more global cities will become networked, integrated andThe transport sector accounts for 18% of total energy consumption in India. 5 billion in electric cars, including loans and grants to automakers and battery producers, spending on charging stations, and 7,500 tax credits to car buyers with the goal of having one million EVs on U.S.

The electric vehicle has one moving part.Electric vehicles (EVs) have advanced significantly this decade, owing in part to decreasing battery costs. Electric mobility presents a viable alternative in addressing these challenges, when packaged with innovative pricing solutions, appropriate technology and support infrastructure and thus, has been on the radar of Government of India.Another significant difference between electric vehicles and gasoline-powered vehicles is the number of moving parts. These vehicles are available in a variety of models with varying ranges and capabilities and are plugged in to a source of electrical power to recharge.Keeping in view the climate change commitments made by Government of India during the COP21 Summit held at Paris to reduce emission intensity by 33- 35% by 2030 from 2005 levels, it is pertinent to introduce alternative means in the transport sector which can be coupled with India’s rapid economic growth, rising urbanization, travel demand and country’s energy security. 1 Electric Vehicle Technology and Charging Equipment Overview 1.1 Electric Vehicles Electric vehicles (EVs) use electric motors powered by electrical energy stored in a battery for propulsion. Electric vehicles (EVs), which run with the. Moreover, the sector also contributes an estimated 142 Million Tonnes of CO2 emissions annually, out of which 123 million tonnes is contributed by the road transport segment alone.PDF IEEE India Council Newsletter: The global pollution is on rise and every effort made, being to reduce the CO2 emissions and save the planet.

Electric vehicles could help diversify the energy needed to move people and goods thanks to their reliance on the wide mix of primary energy sources used in power generation, greatly improving energy security. Battery PricesElectric mobility will also contribute to balancing energy demand, energy storage and environmental sustainability. This paper analyzes the additional advances that will be needed, if electric vehicles are to sig-nificantly penetrate the passenger vehicle fleet.

With support of the government, electric vehicles have started penetrating in the Indian market. The Indian EV industry has been on the back seat due to various challenges.The government of India have undertaken multiple initiatives to promote manufacturing and adoption of electric vehicles in India. Currently, Indian roads are dominated by conventional vehicles and have approximately 0.4 million electric two-wheelers and a few thousand electric cars only. If coupled with the decarburization of the power sector, electric vehicles would also provide major contributions to keep the world on track to meet its shared climate goals.Electric Vehicle Scenarios and a Roadmap for India The National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020 was released by the Ministry of Heavy Industry and Public Enterprises, Government of India with a view to enhance national energy security, mitigate adverseElectric mobility comes with zero or ultra-low tailpipe emissions of local air pollutants and much lower noise, and, by being one of the most innovative clusters for the automotive sector, can provide a major boost to the economic and industrial competitiveness, attracting investments, especially in countries.The Electric Vehicle industry in India is far behind, with less than 1% of the total vehicle sales.

Currently available EVs across vehicle segments (2-wheeler, 3-wheeler, 4-wheeler) can be charged from 0%-80% in around, 1 – 5 hours from Slow/Moderate chargers while using Fast chargers, EVs can be charged in less than 1 hour. Through adoption of EV, the vehicular emission can be brought down significantly, hence enabling a healthier lifestyle.Time of EV charging depends upon the type of charger adopted for charging. A study conducted in New Delhi on vehicular emissions shows that transport sector contributes significantly to particulate matter and NOx emission causing respiratory ailments. Adopting EVs will help in reducing local air pollution.Shifting to EVs will reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions that gets emitted from running an ICE vehicle.EVs have no gears and are much easier to drive than ICE vehiclesThe lack of a combustion and mechanical drivetrain makes EVs much quieterUpfront incentives from Government to EV ownersEV owners can claim income tax deduction up to Rs 150,000 under Section 80EEBReduced dependence of imported fossil fuel for the CountryTransport sector is not a major contributor to emissionsTransport sector accounts for 23% of global GHG emissions. It has zero tail pipe emission and does not contain components, such as a fuel pump, fuel line, or fuel tank.Figure 1: Components of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle and Electric Vehicle Benefits of choosing an Electric Vehicle (EV) over Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) VehicleEVs have fewer moving parts as compared to ICE, thus EVs need less maintenance.Higher efficiency, lower fuel cost and lower operational cost makes EVs economical than ICE vehicles.EVs have no tailpipe emission as compared to ICE vehicles. As an EV runs on electricity, the vehicle emits no exhaust from a tailpipe i.e.

The challenge of fire and explosion risk in batteries is being addressed by most EV manufacturers with their efficient and intelligent Battery Management Systems (BMS) which perform task of cooling, heating, insulation & ventilation of Batteries, etc. Further, upcoming models across vehicle segments have higher battery capacity and range.EVs are safe as all EVs undergo rigorous safety testing. The average range of electric 2-wheelers currently available in the market is around 84 km per charge which is sufficient for day to day travel within a city and the average range of electric cars available in the market is between 150-200 km per charge. Calculator to estimate tentative TCO is available at below link:With introduction of high-density batteries in EVs, the storage capacity of batteries has increased thus improving the range of EVs. Moreover, the upfront subsidy provided by the central/state government further reduces the overall cost of EVs. Rate of charging is also dependent upon Cell Chemistry.Although EVs might have a higher upfront cost, the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of EVs is quite low, as charging, maintenance and operational costs is much lower than that of ICE vehicles.

Thus, in the coming years there will be sufficient availability of Public Charging Stations (PCS) for EV owners.Frequently Asked Questions on Electric VehiclesEVs are electric vehicles with rechargeable batteries which can be charged by electricity from an external source.EVSE includes the electrical equipment external to the EV that provides a connection for an EV to a power source for charging and is equipped with advanced features like smart metering, cellular capability and network connectivity.What are different specifications of Charging Infrastructure?Specifications of charging infrastructure as per guidelines issued by Ministry of Power:Table 1: Specification of Charging InfrastructureCombined Charging System (CCS) (min. Further, government has delicenced the activity of setting up EV charging stations to increase private sector investments and facilitate market adoption. The actual battery warranty may vary depending upon the vehicle usage.There are not enough EV charging stationsGovernment is pushing deployment of EV charging stations by providing capital subsidy through Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles in India, (FAME) India Scheme Phase II and state level initiatives. EVs have a high starting torque as compared to ICE counterparts and accelerate faster.EV batteries need to be replaced frequentlyEV batteries today have warranty of 3 to 8 years, across electric 2-wheeler, 3-wheeler and 4-wheeler categories. As far as speed is concerned, EVs available in the Indian market have top speeds depending upon the model selected / opted. Thus, it is safe to drive an EV.EVs are equipped with high-speed powertrains therefore EVs offer better acceleration and speed.

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